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1) The differences and causes in the three directions of the paper Vertically: In machine-made paper, the longitudinal strength of most varieties is greater than the transverse strength and even greater than the vertical strength. Other properties also vary. The vertical properties of paper are mainly influenced by factors such as fiber state, fiber arrangement state, and tension. Transverse: Generally, the transverse strength is less than the longitudinal strength. The influencing factors are basically the same as those for the longitudinal direction, but the effect is opposite. Vertical: The vertical strength of the paper is relatively low. This is mainly because the fibers in the paper are arranged vertically very rarely. In fact, the fibers are stacked layer upon layer in the vertical direction, thus having the characteristics of a layered structure. The strength of the paper in this direction is almost entirely derived from the inter-fiber bonding force, and the paper is most prone to failure in this direction.
2) General pattern of internet usage: Thin paper: Low internet connectivity; Cardboard: High ink saturation. Long-fiber paper material: Low viscosity when applied. Short fiber paper material: High viscosity when applied. Paper with low pulp consistency: High online concentration; Paper with high pulp consistency: The online concentration is low.
3) The quality requirements for paper and paperboard are as follows: Appearance quality • Physical performance • Absorption performance Optical properties • Printing performance • Chemical properties • Electrical performance
4) Characteristics of neutral sizing:
1) When paper is made under neutral conditions, the resulting paper sheets are less prone to aging, which can enhance the strength and lifespan of the paper sheets.
2) It can reduce equipment corrosion and extend the service life of the equipment.
3) The pH value of the white water is high, there is no accumulation of aluminum sulfate, the white water is easy to recover, which is beneficial for reducing water pollution.
4) The paper strength is high, which can save the power consumption for pulping.
5) CaCO3 can be used as a filler, which can save fiber raw materials and reduce costs.
6) The cost of the sizing agent is higher than that of rosin sizing, which will increase costs. It needs to be offset by adding fillers. This is not conducive to paper types that do not use fillers or use a small amount of fillers.
7) The gelatinization reaction is slow, and there are still unstable issues.
8) The water filtration performance is poor, the paper is slippery, and the tensile strength and tightness are poor.
9) Microorganisms tend to multiply, causing more rotten pulp and broken ends, resulting in an increase in the amount of damaged paper.
