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I. Cultural Paper: The Core Medium for Writing and Printing
Cultural paper is the most commonly used category in daily life, primarily intended for printing, writing, and office applications. Based on differences in grammage (grams per square meter) and surface treatment methods, it can be further classified as follows:
1. Coated Paper: Characterized by a smooth surface and excellent color reproduction, it is widely used in magazines and photo albums (typical grammage: 80–300 g/m²).
2. Offset Paper (Double-Offset Paper): Exhibits uniform ink absorption and is ideal for book printing, including textbooks (common grammage: 60–120 g/m²).
3. Newsprint: Lightweight with a loose texture and low production cost, specifically designed for newspaper printing (grammage approximately 45–52 g/m²).
4. Writing Paper: Includes standard A4 printing paper, offering superior writing performance (grammage range: 70–100 g/m²).
II. Packaging Paper: Combining Protection and Aesthetic Presentation
Packaging paper must balance mechanical strength with visual appeal. Common types include:
1. White Cardboard: High rigidity and durability, commonly used for gift boxes and business cards (grammage: 200–400 g/m²).
2. Kraft Paper: Known for its high tensile strength, frequently utilized in shipping bags and file folders (grammage: 60–150 g/m²).
3. Corrugated Board: Composed of linerboard and fluted medium, extensively employed in transport packaging; categorized by flute type (e.g., A, B, C, E).
III. Industrial Paper: Meeting Specialized Requirements in Technical Fields
This category comprises papers with specific physical or chemical properties tailored to industrial applications:
1. Insulating Paper: Used in motors and transformers, capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 130 °C.
2. Sandpaper Base Paper: Serves as the backing substrate for abrasive materials (grammage typically 80–200 g/m²).
3. Filter Paper: Employed in laboratory filtration systems and automotive filters, featuring porosity levels between 40% and 90%.
IV. Household Paper: Ensuring Safety and Comfort in Daily Use
Designed for direct human contact, household paper products must comply with stringent safety and hygiene standards:
1. Toilet Paper: Soft and highly absorbent, available in roll or tissue form (complies with GB/T 20810-2022).
2. Kitchen Towel Paper: Possesses high wet strength, suitable for cleaning grease and spills (typically 40–60 g/m²).
3. Wet Wipes: Infused with moisturizing and disinfecting agents, used for personal care and sanitation.
V. Specialty Paper: Niche Products with High Value-Added Features
These papers are engineered for specialized applications requiring unique functional or aesthetic attributes:
1. Thermal Paper: Utilized for point-of-sale receipts, developing visible marks at temperatures between 60 °C and 90 °C.
2. Synthetic Paper: Waterproof and tear-resistant, made from polypropylene (PP) or polyester (PET), suitable for outdoor signage.
3. Decorative Paper: Includes embossed and pearlescent varieties, often used in premium packaging and invitation design.
Extended Notes:
Grammage (g/m²) is a critical parameter in paper classification, directly influencing thickness, stiffness, and application suitability. For instance, paper below 60 g/m² is typically used for lightweight publications such as dictionaries, whereas board-grade paper exceeding 300 g/m² is preferred for hardcover book covers.
The manufacturing process for specialty paper involves advanced technologies, resulting in prices that may be five to ten times higher than those of conventional paper-examples include Japanese washi and European eco-friendly textured papers.
