Production Process and Raw Materials
(I) Production Process
Pulping: This is the primary link in the production of black cardboard. Depending on the raw materials, the pulping methods also vary. If wood pulp is used, the chemical pulping method is often adopted. Specific chemical agents are used to treat wood to separate the cellulose and make wood pulp. If recycled fibers, such as waste paper, are used, they need to be pre - treated first through screening, purification, etc. to remove impurities, and then re - pulped by mechanical or chemical methods.
Color Adjustment: To obtain a pure black color, specific black pigments or dyes are added to the pulp. These additives must be accurately formulated to ensure the uniform color of the paper and meet the color standards of black cardboard. At the same time, some auxiliaries, such as optical brighteners (in some cases where specific blackness and gloss are required) and strengthening agents, are added to improve the performance of the paper.
Papermaking: The pulp after color adjustment and addition of auxiliaries is made into paper through a paper - making machine. There are various types of paper - making machines, such as the long - wire paper - making machine and the circular - wire paper - making machine. During the papermaking process, the pulp will be evenly distributed on the wire and go through processes such as pressing and drying to remove water, making the paper take shape and reach a certain strength and dryness.
Post - processing: The formed black cardboard may also need further post - processing. For example, to improve the gloss and smoothness of the paper, calendering treatment is carried out; for some special - purpose black cardboard, processes such as laminating and coating may also be carried out to enhance its water - proof, moisture - proof, and wear - resistant properties.
(II) Raw Materials
Wood Pulp: High - quality wood pulp is an important raw material for producing high - end black cardboard. Commonly used woods include coniferous wood and broad - leaved wood. Coniferous wood fibers are relatively long, endowing the paper with better strength and toughness; broad - leaved wood fibers are relatively short, which helps to improve the flatness and printability of the paper. Black cardboard made from wood pulp has stable quality, uniform color, and good environmental performance.
Recycled Fibers: With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the application of recycled fibers in the production of black cardboard is becoming more and more widespread. Recycled fibers mainly come from waste paper, such as office paper, newspapers, and magazines. Using recycled fibers can not only reduce production costs but also reduce the consumption of forest resources, with significant environmental benefits. However, the quality of recycled fibers varies, and strict screening and treatment are required before use to ensure that the made black cardboard meets quality standards.
Additives: In addition to fiber raw materials, a variety of additives are also required for the production of black cardboard. As mentioned before, black pigments or dyes are used to give the paper a black color; optical brighteners can adjust the hue and gloss of the paper to a certain extent; strengthening agents can improve the physical strength of the paper, such as tensile strength and folding endurance; sizing agents can improve the water - resistance of the paper and prevent water penetration.
III. Common Types
Single - sided Through - core Black Cardboard: This type of black cardboard is characterized by a color difference between the two sides. The front side is black and deep, and the back side is light and shallow, but the sandwich part in the middle is also black. It has high stiffness and tensile strength. The grammage range for one - time forming is usually 80 - 700g, and for grammages exceeding 700g, lamination processing can be carried out. Single - sided through - core black cardboard is often used in some packaging fields that have certain requirements for appearance but are more sensitive to costs, such as the production of ordinary gift boxes and shopping bags.
Double - sided Through - core Black Cardboard: Different from single - sided through - core black cardboard, double - sided through - core black cardboard has no color difference on both sides, and the sandwich part in the middle is also black. It uses environmentally friendly dyes and can be recycled and processed without pollution. This type of black cardboard is made from recycled American waste into wood pulp. It has high stiffness and strong tensile strength. The grammage range for one - time forming is 80 - 700g, and for grammages exceeding 700g, lamination can be carried out. Due to its consistent performance on both sides, it is often used in product packaging with high requirements for appearance, such as high - end cosmetic boxes and jewelry boxes, and is also suitable for the production of some handicrafts that need to be displayed on both sides.
Gray - bottom Single - sided Black Cardboard: This type of black cardboard has one black side and one gray side. The grammage for one - time forming is generally 180 - 750g, and for grammages above 750g, composite processing can be carried out. It has good strength and stability and is often used in products such as photo frame backboards and ordinary gift boxes. The design of the gray bottom reduces the cost to a certain extent while meeting the demand for a single - sided black appearance of some products.
All - wood - pulp Black Cardboard: It is unique in terms of raw materials as it is made from commercial wood pulp. It has a neutral pH, uses environmentally friendly dyes, is 100% recyclable and pollution - free. There is no color difference on both sides, and the sandwich part in the middle is also black. It has ultra - high stiffness, perfect smoothness and flatness, and strong tensile strength. The grammage range for one - time forming is 80 - 700g, and for grammages exceeding 700g, lamination can be carried out. All - wood - pulp black cardboard is often used in fields with extremely high requirements for paper quality, such as the production of high - end art prints and treasured photo albums.
IV. Application Fields
Packaging Industry: The application of black cardboard in the packaging industry is extremely extensive. In gift packaging, whether it is high - end cosmetic boxes, jewelry boxes, or shoe boxes, mobile phone boxes, etc., black cardboard can enhance the grade and texture of products with its noble and elegant appearance, attracting the attention of consumers. In the food packaging field, such as tea boxes, mooncake boxes, wine boxes, etc., black cardboard can not only play a good protective role but also convey the quality and cultural connotation of products through exquisite printing and design. In addition, in the packaging of bags, leather products, etc., black cardboard is often used as lining or outer packaging materials, increasing the overall aesthetic and value of products.
Printing Industry: In the printing field, black cardboard has unique advantages as a printing base paper. For some printed products that require high contrast and clarity, such as posters, brochures, art albums, etc., black cardboard can make the printed patterns and texts more prominent and enhance the visual impact. At the same time, due to its good ink absorption and surface texture, it can present high - quality printing effects to meet the needs of professional printing.
Handicraft Production: Handicraftsmen also have a special preference for black cardboard. In paper - cutting art, the tough texture of black cardboard makes the paper - cutting process more smooth, and it is not easy for the paper to break. Moreover, the black background can better set off the lines and shapes of paper - cutting works. In origami, the stiffness of black cardboard can help the works maintain their shape and make more three - dimensional and delicate origami works. In addition, black cardboard can also be used to make various three - dimensional greeting cards, decorative ornaments and other handicrafts, providing rich material choices for handicraft creation.
Photography Art: In photography art, black cardboard plays an important role. It is often used as background paper, which can create a simple and elegant background atmosphere and highlight the subject. For example, when shooting high - end products such as jewelry and watches, the black background can enhance the texture and mystery of the products. At the same time, black cardboard can also be used as a prop. Through clever placement and shaping, it can add creativity and layering to the photos.
Decoration Field: In interior decoration, black cardboard can be used to make wall decorative paintings, partitions, screens, etc. Its unique color and texture can add a sense of fashion and modernity to the space, integrating with different decoration styles to create a personalized decoration effect. In the display design of some commercial spaces, black cardboard is also often used to make display stands, labels, etc., improving the overall aesthetics and professionalism of the display.
V. Market Status and Development Trends
(I) Market Status
Currently, driven by the demand from multiple fields, the black cardboard market shows a steady development trend. In the packaging industry, with the continuous improvement of consumers' requirements for product packaging quality and the continuous growth of the gift market and the high - end consumer goods market, the demand for black cardboard is also rising steadily. The development of the printing industry, especially the increase in personalized and high - quality printing needs, has also driven the development of the black cardboard market. In the handicraft production and photography art fields, due to their unique creative and artistic needs, although the demand for black cardboard is relatively niche, it also maintains a stable growth.
In terms of geographical distribution, economically developed regions and regions with active consumer markets, such as North America, Europe, and some countries and regions in Asia, have a large demand for black cardboard. Consumers in these regions have high pursuits for product quality and appearance, and the application of black cardboard in packaging, printing and other fields is more extensive. At the same time, with the rise of emerging economies, the market demand for black cardboard in these regions is gradually increasing, providing new impetus for the development of the black cardboard market.
(II) Development Trends
Environmental Protection: With the continuous enhancement of global environmental awareness, environmental protection will become an important trend in the development of the black cardboard industry. On the one hand, production enterprises will pay more attention to the use of environmentally friendly raw materials, such as increasing the proportion of recycled fibers and reducing the dependence on virgin wood. On the other hand, more environmentally friendly production processes and technologies will be adopted in the production process to reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions. At the same time, consumers are also increasingly inclined to choose environmentally friendly black cardboard products, which will prompt enterprises to continuously increase investment and innovation in environmental protection.
Diversified Functions: In order to meet the diversified needs of different industries and customers, black cardboard will develop in the direction of diversified functions. For example, the development of black cardboard with special functions such as water - proof, moisture - proof, fire - proof, and antibacterial to adapt to the packaging and use environments of different products. In the printing field, research and development of black cardboard that can better adapt to new printing technologies and processes to improve printing effects and quality. In the decoration field, the introduction of black cardboard with different textures, glosses and textures provides more creative choices for designers.
Customization: With the intensification of market competition, customers' personalized needs are becoming increasingly prominent. Black cardboard production enterprises will increasingly provide customized services. According to specific customer requirements, such as color, size, thickness, performance, etc., black cardboard products that meet specific customer needs will be produced. This customized service can not only meet the personalized needs of customers but also improve the market competitiveness and customer satisfaction of enterprises.
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