Definition and Classification
White cardboard is a heavyweight paper made from 100% bleached wood pulp, typically composed of multiple layers: sulfate softwood pulp for the top and bottom layers, and hardwood mechanical pulp for the core. It is available in three grades (A, B, and C) based on whiteness, smoothness, and durability. Common grammages range from 200 to 400 g/m², with standard sheet sizes including 880×1230 mm and 787×1032 mm.
Technical Specifications
Whiteness: A-grade ≥92%, B-grade ≥87%, C-grade ≥82%.
Stiffness: Varies by grade and grammage, with longitudinal stiffness ranging from 2.10 to 10.6 mN·m.
Burst Resistance: A-grade ≥2.00 kPa·m²/g, B-grade ≥1.60 kPa·m²/g, C-grade ≥1.20 kPa·m²/g.
Smoothness: ≥20–40 seconds (except for embossed varieties).
Size Degree: ≥1.5 mm for A/B grades, ≥1.0 mm for C-grade to prevent ink bleeding.
Manufacturing Process
The production involves pulping, refining, and combining layers with fillers (e.g., calcium carbonate) and AKD sizing agents for water resistance. The paper is formed on a multi-layered machine, then calendered and coated for surface smoothness. Embossing or coloring can be applied for decorative effects.
Applications
White cardboard's versatility makes it ideal for:
Packaging: Cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food (e.g., eco-friendly takeout containers), and luxury goods.
Printing: Business cards, invitations, certificates, and high-end promotional materials.
Specialty Products: Book covers, postcards, and die-cut shapes.
Market Dynamics
China dominates global production, with key players like Chenming Paper, Bohui Paper, and APP holding over 77% of domestic capacity. Demand is driven by:
E-commerce Growth: Rising need for sustainable packaging.
Regulatory Shifts: Replacing plastics in food service (e.g., biodegradable 餐盒).
Consumer Trends: Premiumization in cosmetics and tobacco packaging.
Comparison with Coated Paper
While both are used for printing, white cardboard differs in:
Hardness: Thicker and stiffer, suitable for single-sided applications.
Coating: Coated paper has a smoother surface for vibrant colors, ideal for 双面印刷.
Durability: White cardboard resists moisture and environmental damage better.
Challenges and Future Outlook
Despite robust demand, the industry faces:
Overcapacity: New projects (e.g., Bohui's 1.2 million-ton PM4) may intensify competition.
Environmental Pressures: Need for recycled content and energy-efficient processes.
Innovation: Focus on food-grade certifications and specialty coatings for niche markets.
In conclusion, white cardboard remains a cornerstone of sustainable packaging, balancing functionality with aesthetic appeal. As global markets prioritize eco-friendly solutions, its role in high-value applications is poised to grow.
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